Open science is an approach to scientific research that emphasizes transparency, collaboration, and openness.

The goal of open science is to make research transparent, replicable, and its outcomes widely accessible and reusable. The concept of open science encompasses various principles and practices in the research process that aim to achieve these goals, as well as to foster greater collaboration and public engagement in science. These principles and practices include, for example:

• Open access

• Managing research data

• Pre-registration, Preprints and Registered reports

• Citizen science

• Open peer review

• Open lab notebooks

• Open educational resources

• Open lab equipment

• Open licensing

• Open source software