Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) ****************************************************************************************** * ****************************************************************************************** In this section you will find answers to frequently asked questions about open science, op scientific publications and research data management and open data. ****************************************************************************************** * Open Science ****************************************************************************************** 1.What is open science? 2.What does open science include? 3.What open science requirements are there in Horizon Europe? *========================================================================================= * What is open science? *========================================================================================= According to FOSTER [ URL "https://www.fosteropenscience.eu/foster-taxonomy/open-science-d Open Science is the practice of science in such a way that others can collaborate and cont research data, lab notes and other research processes are freely available, under terms th redistribution and reproduction of the research and its underlying data and methods.  *========================================================================================= * What does open science include? *========================================================================================= While open access and open research data / research data management might be the most fami open science, they are not the only ones. Open science includes other practices such as ci open educational resources, open peer-review and a lot more. You can explore these branche science on the FOSTER [ URL "https://www.fosteropenscience.eu/"] website which provides th taxonomy of open science [ URL "https://www.fosteropenscience.eu/themes/fosterstrap/images os_taxonomy.png"] .  *========================================================================================= * What open science requirements are there in Horizon Europe? *========================================================================================= Horizon Europe includes an obligation to ensure open access to scientific information – pe publications, as well as research data and other research outputs. Beneficiaries are also prepare a data management plan [ URL "OSCIEN-49.html "] . In Horizon Europe, open science included in the evaluation of proposals.   You can find more information on the Centre’s website [ URL "OSCIEN-90.html "] . ****************************************************************************************** * Open Access ****************************************************************************************** 1.What does open access mean? 2.What is the difference between green and gold open access? 3.Does Charles University have an open access policy? 4.What are the funding options for publication fees (APC) at Charles University? 5.I have already published an article in a journal and now I would like to make it availab repository. What should I do? 6.Is there a list of untrustworthy journals and publishers (so-called predators)? 7.Which finance providers require open access to published results? 8.What is the difference between open repositories and scientific social networks such as Academia.edu? 9.I find the idea of open access interesting, but I need advice on how to proceed. Who can Charles University? *========================================================================================= * 1. What does open access mean? *========================================================================================= Open access (OA) is a publication model that seeks to achieve immediate, free, permanent a independent online access to the results of publicly funded science and research.  For more information, visit Open Access section [ URL "OSCIEN-10.html "] . *========================================================================================= * 2. What is the difference between green and gold open access? *========================================================================================= The green route to open access is a combination of publishing an article in a journal (ope with content available for a fee / subscription) and storing the full-text of the article repository by the author (so-called self-archiving).  The gold route to open access means publishing in an open (open access) journal, so that o provided by the author, but by the publisher.  Both routes to open access are fully complementary (they are not excluded) and from the po increasing the visibility of your work it is appropriate to combine them.  For more information, visit Open Access section [ URL "OSCIEN-10.html "] . *========================================================================================= * 3. Does Charles University have an open access policy? *========================================================================================= Charles University does not have a mandatory open access policy. However, at its meeting o 2017, the Academic Senate of Charles University approved a draft of the Declaration of Cha Academic Senate and university management on open access policy at CU [ URL "https://www.c UK-8777.html"] (only in Czech), the aim of which is to set sufficient conditions for the s determinat *========================================================================================= * 4. What are the funding options for publication fees (APC) at Charles University? *========================================================================================= Charles University currently does not have a central fund to cover the cost of open access are generally eligible costs in project budgets (it is therefore necessary to keep these c designing a budget for new projects).  Corresponding authors from Charles University can also take advantage of discounts and vou access publication fees at selected publishers [ URL "OSCIEN-39.html#4"] .  *========================================================================================= * 5. I have already published an article in a journal and now I would like to make it avai repository. What should I do? *========================================================================================= An already published article can be make accessible through the green route to open access uploading the article to an open repository (self-archiving). A useful tool for finding a repository is e.g. OpenDOAR [ URL "http://opendoar.org/"]  or OpenAIRE [ URL "https://expl participate/deposit-publications"]  database.  However, it is always necessary to check in advance whether the publisher with whom you pu the article allows self-archiving. The terms of self-archiving are usually stated in the l agreement, which the publisher negotiates with the author's team before publishing. If nei the corresponding author has a license agreement, we suggest to use the SHERPA / RoMEO [ U www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/"]  service, which is only of a reference nature. If the publishing not allow for self-archiving, request an exception through the addendum to the license agr signing.  For more information on self-archiving options, see the section How to publish OA [ URL "O "] . *========================================================================================= * 6. Is there a list of untrustworthy journals and publishers (so-called predators)? *========================================================================================= The most well-known list of untrustworthy publishers and journals was the so-called Beall’ operation of which was terminated in 2017 due to its controversy. The reasons for listing not always clear and may provoke a legal response from the accused publisher. For this rea always necessary to assess the credibility of the journal or publisher with whom you want On the website of the Open Science Support Centre you will find characteristics of predato publishers [ URL "OSCIEN-36.html#2"]  and tips on how to avoid them. At the same time, the a clear factsheet for authors from CU [ URL "https://zenodo.org/record/3738003#.XtpEP_kzaU basic information about predatory journals.  *========================================================================================= * 7. Which finance providers require open access to published results? *========================================================================================= In the lead of finance providers that require open access is the European Commission, but  them is expected to increase in the future. The Plan S initiative [ URL "https://www.coali  will be particularly involved.  You can find more information about specific providers on the website of the Open Science a separate section [ URL "OSCIEN-30.html "] . *========================================================================================= * 8. What is the difference between open repositories and scientific social networks such and Academia.edu? *========================================================================================= Academia and ResearchGate are commercial academic social networks whose main purpose is to researchers. They often try to collect personal information and you often need to log in t Thus, they do not meet the definition of open access, which should be immediate, free, per independent.  Open repositories are non-commercial platforms that usually have wider options for storing (filling in metadata, etc.), at the same time they are interoperable with other tools and by common search engines and aggregators of scientific content. Some repositories provide archiving.   *========================================================================================= * 9. I find the idea of open access interesting, but I need advice on how to proceed. Who Charles University? *========================================================================================= Open Science Support Centre was established for this purpose at Charles University. More i the field of open access can be found on the website in the section How to publish OA [ UR "] , or you can contact us [ URL "OSCIEN-14.html "] .  ****************************************************************************************** * Research Data ****************************************************************************************** 1.What are research data? 2.What are metadata? 3.What is a Data Management Plan (DMP)? 4.What DMP template should I use? 5.Are example DMPs available? 6.How can I create a DMP? 7.Who can I turn to if I need help completing a DMP? 8.Where can I find existing data on my subject? 9.I have found data related to my subject. How can I tell that the data are useful and I c 10How can I cite the data I used? 11How can I assign a persistent identifier (e.g., DOI) to my dataset? 12Where should I store my data during my research? 13I am at the beginning of my research project and I know I would like to share my data wh ends. What do I need to do? 14I would like to share my data, but they contain personal data. What can I do about that? 15I would like to share my research data. Where can I store them so that other scientists 16Does Charles University have an institutional repository for storing data? 17What does it mean that data are FAIR? 18Which funders have any requirements regarding research data? 19I am an academic publisher / a journal editor and I would like the authors to share unde published research articles. What should I do? *========================================================================================= * 1. What are research data? *========================================================================================= Research data can take various forms and may be digital as well as non-digital. Apart from such as spreadsheets, these can be, for example, photographs, audio and video recordings, test responses, interview transcripts, laboratory notebooks, field notes, codebooks, softw samples and specimens. *========================================================================================= * 2. What are metadata? *========================================================================================= Metadata are a description of data. They include information about who the author is or ho data were collected. The Digital Curation Centre provides a list of examples of disciplina standards [ URL "http://www.dcc.ac.uk/resources/metadata-standards"] .  *========================================================================================= * 3. What is a Data Management Plan (DMP)? *========================================================================================= Data Management Plan (DMP) is a document that specifies what data will be created and how, plans for sharing and preservation of the data, both during and after the research project (e.g., H2020: ORD Pilot [ URL "https://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/docs/h2020-fundi cutting-issues/open-access-data-management/data-management_en.htm"] ) require that a DMP i and submitted as part of the grant agreement. More information about DMPs can be found at website [ URL "OSCIEN-49.html "] .  *========================================================================================= * 4. What DMP template should I use? *========================================================================================= Different institutions or funders may have different requirements regarding a DMP template case you should use the template provided by the institution or the funder. If there are n requirements, we recommend using one of the existing templates, such as the Digital Curati template [ URL "https://www.dcc.ac.uk/DMPs/checklist"] or the ERC data management plan tem "https://erc.europa.eu/content/erc-data-management-plan-template"] . Charles University do specific requirement for a DMP template.  *========================================================================================= * 5. Are example DMPs available? *========================================================================================= You can find a list of completed DMPs on the Digital Curation Centre’s website [ URL "http resources/data-management-plans/guidance-examples"]  or at the DMPonline website in the Pu "https://dmponline.dcc.ac.uk/public_plans"]  section.  *========================================================================================= * 6. How can I create a DMP? *========================================================================================= Data management plans can be created as a simple document in a text editor. However, there web-based tools that can help you prepare a data management plan by providing you with a t you specific questions about data management or providing you with further guidance on how questions. Two such tools are DMPonline [ URL "https://dmponline.dcc.ac.uk/"] and Data Ste [ URL "https://ds-wizard.org/"] .  *========================================================================================= * 7. Who can I turn to if I need help completing a DMP? *========================================================================================= If you need help creating a DMP, you can contact the Open Science Support Centre at resear [ URL "mailto:researchdata@cuni.cz"]    *========================================================================================= * 8. Where can I find existing data on my subject? *========================================================================================= As an increasing number of academic journals require that underlying data are shared, you to relevant datasets as part of published articles. You can also find existing datasets in repositories. These can be either general (such as Zenodo [ URL "https://zenodo.org/"] , F "https://figshare.com/"] , Dryad [ URL "https://datadryad.org/stash"] , OSF [ URL "https:/ subject specific (you can use the Registry of Research Data Repositories [ URL "https://ww to find subject specific repositories). A reliable source of existing datasets are data jo publish peer-reviewed papers that describe published datasets and so ensure that the datas described and of high quality. In addition to these sources, you may also use dataset sear such as Mendeley Data [ URL "https://data.mendeley.com/"] or Google Dataset Search [ URL " datasetsearch.research.google.com/"] . In your research, you can also use public administr published as open data which you can find in the National Open Data Catalogue [ URL "https datasets"] (NKOD). *========================================================================================= * 9. I have found data related to my subject. How can I tell that the data are useful and *========================================================================================= Make sure that the data come from a trusted source, e.g., a certified repository, a well-k peer-reviewed data journal. Make sure that the data are sufficiently described and indicate the context in which they e.g., who were the research participants, in what conditions were the data collected. Make sure you are allowed to reuse the data and under what conditions, e.g., does the lice reuse conditions? Do you have the author’s permission?  How long will the data be retained? Is there a risk that the data could be lost or deleted are published on the author’s personal website)?  If you use someone else’s data in your research, don’t forget to cite them properly :)  *========================================================================================= * 10. How can I cite the data I used? *========================================================================================= As with citing publications, it is important to include enough information so that the dat easily found and identified. Some repositories provide a recommended citation format for t which you can use. If such recommendation is not provided, you should include at least the name, publication year, dataset title, publisher/repository, persistent identifier (if it the data).  *========================================================================================= * 11. How can I assign a persistent identifier (e.g., DOI) to my dataset? *========================================================================================= Assigning a persistent identifier requires a service which is authorised to assign them – it is typically the publisher, for research data, some repositories may provide this servi an appropriate data repository, make sure that it assigns a persistent identifier to your *========================================================================================= * 12. Where should I store my data during my research? *========================================================================================= To store your data during your research, we recommend that you use data storage operated o University infrastructure, or data storage provided by CESNET [ URL "https://du.cesnet.cz/ may also use cloud storage provided as a part of the Microsoft Office 365 [ URL "https://u IPSCEN-72.html"] service for Charles University. In particular, this relates to the person OneDrive and the document library service SharePoint and O365 Groups. The management of da this cloud service is secured through an agreement concluded between CU and Microsoft. To data security and data storage, check the guide [ URL "https://openscience.cuni.cz/OSCIEN- by the Computer Science Centre and the Data Protection Officer.  *========================================================================================= * 13. I am at the beginning of my research project and I know I would like to share my dat project ends. What do I need to do? *========================================================================================= If you are using someone else’s data, make sure that their author allows data sharing (e.g license).  If you work in a team, make sure your collaborators agree to share the data. If you work with human subjects during your research, you need their informed consent with their data. To ensure you can share your participants’ data, you can have them sign an inf or anonymise the data before sharing. You can find an example of an informed consent form GDPR Sharepoint [ URL "https://cunicz.sharepoint.com/:f:/r/sites/gdpr/Sdilene%20dokumenty/ %C3%A9%20dokumenty?csf=1&web=1&e=qGQ6BW"] . *========================================================================================= * 14. I would like to share my data, but they contain personal data. What can I do about t *========================================================================================= If it is possible, remove any personal information from your data.  Anonymise your data before sharing. For example, use numbers instead of names to identify use age range instead of a specific age or date of birth, etc. To anonymise your data, you anonymisation tools such as Amnesia [ URL "https://amnesia.openaire.eu/index.html"] .  If personal data cannot be removed or anonymised, you need an informed consent from the pa share such data.  For more information regarding personal data protection, please contact the University Dat Officer at gdpr@cuni.cz [ URL "mailto:gdpr@cuni.cz"] *========================================================================================= * 15. I would like to share my research data. Where can I store them so that other scienti them? *========================================================================================= The best way to store and share your research data is to deposit them in a subject specifi Subject specific repositories are usually better equipped to meet the needs of a community ensure that your data reaches the scientists in your field. You can find a suitable reposi at re3data.org [ URL "https://www.re3data.org/"] . If you cannot find a suitable subject s repository, you can deposit your data in a general-purpose repository, such as Zenodo [ UR zenodo.org/"] , Figshare [ URL "https://figshare.com/"] , or Dryad [ URL "https://datadrya More information regarding data sharing can be found at the OS Centre website [ URL "OSCIE *========================================================================================= * 16. Does Charles University have an institutional repository for storing data? *========================================================================================= Charles University does not have its own data repository yet. For sharing data, we recomme specific repositories, which you can find, e.g., at re3data.org [ URL "https://www.re3data or a general-purpose repository such as Zenodo [ URL "https://zenodo.org/"] , Figshare [ U figshare.com/"] , Dryad [ URL "https://datadryad.org/stash"] or OSF [ URL "https://osf.io/ *========================================================================================= * 17. What does it mean that data are FAIR? *========================================================================================= FAIR data are such data that are easily Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable. more about FAIR principles at the GO FAIR [ URL "https://www.go-fair.org/fair-principles/" website and you can use this checklist [ URL "http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3405141"]  to data are.  *========================================================================================= * 18. Which funders have any requirements regarding research data? *========================================================================================= The European Commission is taking the initiative in including open science requirements in programmes (e.g., Horizon 2020 [ URL "https://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/docs/h202 guide/cross-cutting-issues/open-access-data-management/data-management_en.htm"] and Horizo "https://ec.europa.eu/info/research-and-innovation/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-p open-calls/horizon-europe_en"] ), however, other research funders are joining the effort, the KAPPA Programme [ URL "https://www.tacr.cz/en/information-for-beneficiaries/"] of the institutional funding programme Primus [ URL "https://cuni.cz/UKEN-558.html"] .   You can find more information about individual funder’s policies in a separate section on policies [ URL "OSCIEN-30.html "] on the Centre’s website. *========================================================================================= * 19. I am an academic publisher / a journal editor and I would like the authors to share for published research articles. What should I do? *========================================================================================= It is becoming increasingly common that academic publishers or journals have open data pol which specify the authors’ responsibilities when it comes to underlying data, for example [ URL "https://www.nature.com/nature-research/editorial-policies/reporting-standards"] . T Sturges et al. [ URL "https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/996176"]  shares on what should a journal data policy include and presents a model policy. For further ques to the issue of journal data policies, do not hesitate to contact the Open Science Support "OSCIEN-14.html#3"] .